AP World History MCQ Practice — Unit 9: Globalization (1900–present) (Part C)¶
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创建日期: 2026-03-04 最后更新: 2026-03-16
使用说明¶
- 题目数量：35 道选择题（Multiple Choice Questions）
- 建议用时：35 分钟（1 分钟/题，模拟 AP 考试节奏）
- 来源：AP Classroom Official Scoring Guide
- 答案位置：每题下方附 Answer
- 覆盖范围：Unit 9: Globalization (1900–present)
- 本部分：Part C（35 题）
NUMBER OF NUCLEAR BOMBS OR WARHEADS BY NATION, 1945 TO 2000
| Year | United States | Russia or Soviet Union | Other Nations | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1945 | 2 | — | — | 2 |
| 1950 | 299 | 5 | — | 304 |
| 1955 | 2,422 | 200 | 10 | 2,632 |
| 1960 | 18,638 | 1,627 | 105 | 20,370 |
| 1965 | 31,139 | 6,144 | 308 | 37,591 |
| 1970 | 26,008 | 11,736 | 486 | 38,230 |
| 1975 | 27,519 | 19,235 | 888 | 47,642 |
| 1980 | 24,104 | 30,665 | 986 | 55,755 |
| 1985 | 23,368 | 38,582 | 974 | 62,924 |
| 1990 | 21,392 | 32,980 | 1,404 | 55,776 |
| 1995 | 10,904 | 18,179 | 1,031 | 30,114 |
| 2000 | 10,577 | 12,188 | 1,081 | 23,846 |
Data adapted from https://ourworldindata.org/nuclear-weapons.
P398-Q71. Changes in the overall number of nuclear weapons shown in the table contributed most directly to which of the following international developments?
(A) Revolutionary movements in colonized African countries (B) Mass violence caused by ethnic or ideological conflicts (C) Institutions investing in economic development in newly independent nations (D) International efforts to promote peace and security
Answer: (D)
P398-Q72. The primary technology shown in the table contributed most directly to advances in which of the following areas?
(A) Internet and cellular communications (B) Energy production (C) Medical vaccines and antibiotics (D) Genetically modified agriculture
Answer: (B)
P399-Q73. Which of the following was an important effect of the petroleum revolution from 1880 to 1920 ?
(A) Air and water quality improved. (B) Deforestation eased. (C) Industrial production increased. (D) Wartime casualties decreased.
Answer: (C)
P399-Q74. The chart above proves which of the following?
(A) The population of Latin America is greater than that of the Middle East. (B) Latin America has a much older population than the Middle East does. (C) The female population of the four Latin American countries listed is greater than the male population. (D) In the countries of the Middle East the percentage of the population that is under 15 is in the majority. (E) The percentage of the population under 15 is greater in Latin America than it is in the Middle East.
Answer: (C)
ENERGY USE BY HUMAN SOCIETIES IN THOUSANDS OF CALORIES PER DAY, AVERAGE PER PERSON, BASED ON ESTIMATED GLOBAL POPULATION
| Year | On Obtaining or Producing Food (including animal feed) | On Home and Commerce | On Industry and Agricultural Infrastructure | On Transportation | Total per Capita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10,000 B.C.E. | 3 | 2 | — | — | 5 |
| 3000 B.C.E. | 4 | 4 | 4 | — | 12 |
| 1000 C.E. | 6 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 26 |
| 1850 C.E. | 7 | 32 | 24 | 14 | 77 |
| 2000 C.E. | 10 | 66 | 91 | 63 | 230 |
Source: adapted from David Christian, Maps of Time: An Introduction to Big History, University of California Press, 2004. p. 141
P400-Q75. Which of the following best explains the change in energy consumption in the time period from 1850 to 2000 C.E.?
(A) Medical innovations that extended human life expectancy (B) Breakthroughs in agricultural production as a result of the Green Revolution (C) New methods of communication, such as radio and the Internet (D) New technologies that enhanced production through the use of petroleum and nuclear power
Answer: (D)
“I belong to those scientists who consider that the drying up of the Aral Sea is far more advantageous than preserving it. First, in its zone, good fertile land will be obtained. . . . Cultivation of cotton alone will pay for the existing Aral Sea, with all its fisheries, shipping, and other industries. Second, the disappearance of the Sea will not affect the region’s landscapes.” A. Babayev, president of Soviet Turkmenistan’s Academy of Sciences, late 1950s
P400-Q76. Which of the following was the most direct result of the attitude toward the environment reflected in the passage?
(A) A push for new varieties of food crops resulting in the Green Revolution (B) Desertification and increased competition for natural resources (C) Implementation of government-led land collectivization policies (D) A rise in Cold War tensions between the Soviet Union and neighboring countries
Answer: (B)
P401-Q77. Which of the following factors contributed most to women gaining the right to vote in industrialized countries between 1914 and 1950 ?
(A) In the First and Second World Wars, women made highly visible contributions to the war effort. (B) The birth rate declined significantly. (C) Women’s life expectancies increased at a faster rate than did the life expectancies of men. (D) New psychological research discredited earlier theories of a link between gender and intelligence.
Answer: (A)
“Does one focus energy and resources only on attacking the disease or attempt a broader strategy that includes addressing issues of political and economic inequality or underdevelopment that contribute to the disease? In regard to malaria, this debate had already emerged in the 1920s, as seen in the conflict between the Malaria Commission of the League of Nations (which supported a broad approach focusing on social and economic development) and United States malariologists (who focused almost exclusively on measures to control malaria-spreading mosquitoes).
In the second half of the twentieth century, the failure of the United Nations’ World Health Organization’s malaria eradication program showed that the narrow approach, even with the help of powerful new insecticides, could not break the cycle of disease and poverty, particularly given the radical population changes and movements in the postcolonial developing world. Wars and refugee movements, environmental degradation, resettlement and labor migration due to economic development itself, often reversed any progress made in local or even national mosquito control programs. The most important obstacle to malaria control, however, remains the uneven distribution of resources across the globe. Despite its listing of malaria as a top priority, the World Health Organization can do little to fight the disease given the developed nations’ failure to provide the United Nations with adequate funding.”
Lyn Schumaker, historian, article on the history of anti-malarial efforts in the twentieth century, 2003
P401-Q78. Based on the passage, anti-malarial programs in the twentieth century are broadly illustrative of health-care efforts to combat which of the following types of diseases?
(A) Diseases associated with poverty (B) Diseases associated with environmental pollution (C) New epidemic diseases that first emerged in the twentieth century (D) Diseases associated with increased longevity
Answer: (A)
P401-Q79. As outlined in the passage, the institutions involved in twentieth-century anti-malarial efforts best illustrate the link between global public health efforts and
(A) the rise of multinational corporations (B) the process of decolonization (C) the development of organizations to safeguard international peace (D) the development of anti-globalization movements and groups
Answer: (C)
P401-Q80. Based on the discussion in the second paragraph, which of the following best describes the relationship between advances in medicine and public health efforts in the twentieth century?
(A) Many diseases remained impossible to treat, despite technological and medical advances. (B) Advances in medicine resulted in dramatic reductions of infection rates from all communicable diseases. (C) The emergence of new diseases offset any medical advances related to the treatment of existing diseases. (D) Political and economic factors stood in the way of advances in medicine living up to their full global potential.
Answer: (D)
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE, 600–2000 C.E. Source: Adapted from Anders Moberg, et al., Nature, vol. 433, (2005): 613-17. The gray lines indicate temperature variations by year. The black line indicates the long-term temperature change trend.
P402-Q81. Since the late twentieth century many scientists have argued that the temperature trend after 1800 was most directly influenced by which of the following?
(A) Nuclear power and nuclear weapons (B) Increasingly violent global conflicts (C) Industrialization and pollution (D) Colonialism and exploitation of indigenous labor
Answer: (C)
“With the powerful help of the Catholic Church and the religious orders, the Portuguese were able to impose their language and culture on a considerable portion of Brazil [by 1700]. Even the [colonial] elite had no educational opportunities in Brazil beyond . . . secondary school. Their only alternative was to leave Brazil for Coimbra University [in Portugal], where one hundred of the sons of the colonial Brazilian elite studied law or medicine during the colonial period. Even Coimbra was a very narrow window onto the intellectual revolution that was transforming the rest of Europe. The luckiest of the lucky young colonialists took a diversion to France, which by the early eighteenth century was caught up in the ferment of the Enlightenment. By the late 1700s, the . . . Portuguese influence began to lift, as the colonial elite began to produce its own literature. To this emerging literary tradition was added the beginnings of a popular culture. The first component—religious festivals . . . and a folklore that revolved around religious holidays—was imported from the Portuguese. . . . To this was added the Indian and African presence, which furnished the foundation for the rich tradition of popular music and dance in modern Brazil. In part, this evolution came about because Brazil had become richer and more important than the mother country. Portugal’s fate was now tied to the wealth of its American colony, rather than the other way around.” Thomas Skidmore, United States historian, excerpt from academic book, Brazil: Five Centuries of Change, 1999
P403-Q82. Based on the arguments in the passage, which of the following developments most likely influenced the ideas of the author?
(A) Socialist movements emphasizing economic equality (B) Feminist movements and changing gender norms (C) Rights-based movements about ethnicity, class, and religion (D) International and transnational movements for peace and security
Answer: (C)
PART OF THE MENU BOARD OF A SUBWAY© RESTAURANT IN INDIA, CIRCA 2018 Sandwich names and imagery are owned by Subway IP LLC.
P404-Q83. Which of the following aspects of the historical situation in India at the beginning of the twenty-first century is most significant in understanding the menu items illustrated in the image?
(A) The great wealth of India’s new urban middle classes (B) The strength of India’s currency, the rupee (C) The growing resistance against industrial agriculture in Third World countries (D) The increasing globalization of consumer culture
Answer: (D)
P404-Q84. Which of the following aspects of the development of international businesses in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries best explains why the Subway corporation chose to include the specific items shown on the menu?
(A) International corporations sought to impose uniformity on production and consumption patterns worldwide. (B) International corporations sought to adjust to the cultural preferences of local or regional markets. (C) International corporations tried to serve as global ambassadors for Western political and cultural values. (D) International corporations had to yield to the demands of corrupt local political elites and regulators.
Answer: (B)
P404-Q85. Considering the context of the global economy in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, all of the following would represent corporate efforts to appeal cross-culturally to new consumers or audiences EXCEPT
(A) an Italian designer clothing company opening a retail store in Shanghai (B) a popular United States fried chicken restaurant opening a location in Moscow (C) a Brazilian television channel broadcasting a match of Brazil’s national soccer team playing in a tournament in Germany (D) an Indian Bollywood movie studio marketing one of its films in the United States
Answer: (C)
BIRTH AND DEATH RATES IN SWEDEN AND MEXICO, 1900–2000 Source: Adapted from demographic data available from public domain sources, including http://pages.uwc.edu/keith.montgomery/demotrans/demtran.htm
P405-Q86. Based on the trends shown in the graph, which of the following best describes the populations of Sweden and Mexico at the end of the twentieth century?
(A) Both Sweden and Mexico had declining populations. (B) Mexico’s population was stable, while Sweden’s population was still growing. (C) Sweden’s population was stable, while Mexico’s population was still growing. (D) Sweden’s population was growing more rapidly than Mexico’s population.
Answer: (C)
P406-Q87. Based on the graph, the increased availability of antibiotics and vaccines after circa 1955 is most clearly associated with
(A) a greater decline in the death rates for Mexico than in the death rates for Sweden (B) equal rates of decline in the death rates for Mexico and Sweden (C) a greater increase in the birth rates for Mexico than in the birth rates for Sweden (D) a greater increase in the overall population in Sweden than in the overall population in Mexico
Answer: (A)
P406-Q88. Based on the graph, which of the following events or processes in the twentieth century is associated with the greatest rate of decrease in Mexico’s birth rate?
(A) The Mexican Revolution (B) The Second World War (C) Advances in vaccines and the treatment of diseases in the second half of the century (D) Greater availability of more effective family-planning techniques after
Answer: (D)
P407-Q89. The status of Macau and Hong Kong as shown on Map 2 would become a source of renewed international tension in the last decades of the twentieth century primarily because of
(A) Chinese nationalists’ takeover of the island of Taiwan (B) China’s growing economic power following the implementation of liberalization policies (C) Japan’s rearmament following the end of United States occupation (D) India’s seizure of the former Portuguese colony of Goa by military force
Answer: (B)
“[Case Study 1]: Improving Access to Safe Water- Public and Private Alliance in Guinea ‘In the late 1980s less than 15% of the population in Guinea had access to safe water. By 1996, that share had increased almost fourfold to 55%. In a little more than a decade, Guinea had brought one of the least developed water supply services in Sub-Saharan Africa to the point at which it could provide safe water to more than half the population. These significant achievements are the result of a public-private alliance that originated when Guinea transferred responsibility over the water supply agency to an autonomous company that is partly government owned.’ [Case Study 2]: Successful Air Quality Management in Chile ‘Recently, the government has been quite successful in combating the problem of air pollution in the capital of Santiago based on the Framework Environmental Law, which provides the basis for a gradual improvement in environmental quality, while avoiding conflict and increasing collaboration between industry, government, and pressure groups. Private and public transport fleets were revamped, fuels improved, urban sprawl curbed, and sustainable mechanisms for controlling airborne emissions from industry established. As a result of these efforts, Chile today has good air quality management capabilities.’ [Case Study 3]: Alternatives to Pesticide Use ‘Integrated pest management and biological control have proved to be successful alternatives to pesticides. Crop rotation, intercropping, and the introduction of natural predators inhibit the proliferation of weeds and pests and introduce biological controls that rely on nature’s own checks and balances. This system of integrated pest management has reduced pesticide use in Brazil by 80%, by 90% in China’s Jiangsu Province, and by 30-50% in the province of Orissa in India.’” Case studies included in an official report of the United Nations on human development, 1998
P408-Q90. The evidence from all of the case studies most strongly illustrates which of the following developments in the twentieth century?
(A) Human societies relying on government regulation of the private sector to curb environmental threats emanating from industrialization (B) Human societies developing new technologies to address environmental problems stemming from resource depletion (C) Human societies providing assistance to developing countries facing environmental challenges through international agencies (D) Human societies increasing cooperation and introducing new methods to address environmental challenges
Answer: (D)
P408-Q91. The solutions implemented in the case studies were most directly in response to which of the following developments in the twentieth century?
(A) Decolonization in the mid-twentieth century prevented developing states from addressing their environmental challenges. (B) The rapid growth of human populations increased competition for natural resources and placed enormous pressures on the environment. (C) The increase in epidemic diseases forced governments to address the consequences of environmental degradation. (D) Political rivalries during the Cold War resulted in an increase in government funding for militaries and a decline in spending on environmental conservation.
Answer: (B)
P409-Q92. The agricultural methods implemented in the third case study could be directly applied to reduce the threat from all of the following environmental or economic challenges that arose during the twentieth century EXCEPT
(A) global economic inequalities (B) species loss and declines in biodiversity (C) nuclear proliferation (D) industrial pollution and greenhouse gas emissions
Answer: (C)
The biological fact of race and the myth of “race” should be distinguished. For all practical social purposes “race” is not so much a biological phenomenon as a social myth. The myth of “race” has created an enormous amount of human and social damage. In recent years it has taken a heavy toll in human lives and caused untold suffering. A. According to present knowledge there is no proof that the groups of mankind differ in their innate mental characteristics, whether in respect of intelligence or temperament. B. There is no evidence that race mixture as such produces bad results from the biological point of view. C. All normal human beings are capable of learning to share in common life, to understand the nature of mutual service and reciprocity, and to respect social obligations and contracts. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), statement about the “science of race,” 1949
P409-Q93. The declaration is an example of which of the following post-Second World War developments?
(A) The creation of institutions to aid the economic development of newly independent nations (B) An increase in international migration in search of economic opportunities (C) The escalation of violence and proxy wars between countries during the Cold War (D) The efforts of international organizations to promote human rights
Answer: (D)
P410-Q94. All of the following statements are factually accurate. Which would most directly support the claim in the first paragraph that “Scientists have reached general agreement in recognizing that mankind is one: that all men belong to the same species, Homo sapiens”?
(A) The declaration was signed in Paris, and UNESCO was a specialized agency of the United Nations. (B) South Africa’s government withdrew from UNESCO soon after the declaration on race was adopted. (C) The declaration was signed by experts from many countries with racially and culturally diverse populations. (D) The adoption of the declaration contributed to debates in Western countries on the question of race.
Answer: (C)
P410-Q95. Which of the following statements is true about the world at the end of the twentieth century?
(A) The standard of living in the least economically developed countries of the world rapidly approached that of the most developed countries. (B) The pace and intensity of international contacts accelerated as a result of transportation and communication breakthroughs. (C) The world balance of power was reversed as the West no longer had a military advantage over non- Western countries. (D) World religions were in decline as the spread of science and secularism intensified.
Answer: (B)
P410-Q96. “While the dynamic force in Globalization 1.0 was countries globalizing and the dynamic force of Globalization 2.0 was companies globalizing, the dynamic force in Globalization 3.0 — the thing that gives it its unique character — is the newfound power for individuals to collaborate and compete globally.” Thomas Friedman, journalist, 2005 Which of the following contributed most to the development of the process that Friedman labels Globalization 3.0?
(A) The invention of the Internet and the increased availability of personal computers (B) The creation of multinational corporations and international stock markets (C) The United Nations’ adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (D) The creation of supranational entities such as the European Union
Answer: (A)
“In view of the outbreak of war between Great Britain and Turkey, which occurred because of the ill-advised, unprovoked, and deliberate action of the Ottoman government, His Majesty’s government has made a public announcement regarding the holy places of Arabia, the holy shrines of Mesopotamia, and the port of Jeddah, which is as follows. His Majesty’s most loyal Muslim subjects should understand that His Majesty’s government is not fighting this war because of religion. The British navy and its military forces will not attack the holy places of Arabia or Jeddah unless the Turks interfere with pilgrimages from India to the holy places and shrines in question. In that case, British military forces will intervene to keep the pilgrimage routes open. At the request of His Majesty’s government, the governments of France and Russia have given similar assurances.” a city located on the western coast of Arabia along the Red Sea Pamphlet published by the British Indian War Department, 1915. The pamphlet was translated and distributed in cities and towns in India.
P411-Q97. Which of the following was the most direct outcome of the conflict between Great Britain and the Ottoman Empire referred to in the passage?
(A) India achieved independence from Great Britain. (B) The Ottoman Empire collapsed. (C) The Bolshevik Revolution broke out in Russia. (D) Ottoman Turkey allied with Germany against Great Britain.
Answer: (B)
PHOTOGRAPH OF A POSTER ISSUED BY THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT REGARDING ITS ONE-CHILD POLICY, 1985 One child only policy poster, Shenyang Province, Liaoning Province, China. (photo) / Photo © Alain Le Garsmeur / Bridgeman Images The caption in Chinese says, “Contribute to the Four Modernizations: One Family, One Child.” The one-child policy was a set of regulations, incentives, and penalties designed to encourage Chinese couples to have only one child. The policy was first enacted in 1979. The Four Modernizations policy was an economic strategy adopted in 1977 to improve the fields of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science and technology.
P412-Q98. Which of the following most likely expresses the poster’s main message regarding the one-child policy?
(A) The policy would lead to political reform of the communist system. (B) The policy would lead to an improvement in women’s social status. (C) The policy would guarantee China’s future prosperity and progress. (D) The policy would encourage a return to Confucian values of filial piety.
Answer: (C)
P412-Q99. Which of the following features of communist China in the late twentieth century most likely enabled its government to carry out the policy shown in the image?
(A) Its rapid urbanization (B) Its adoption of free-market reforms (C) Its widespread rural poverty (D) Its totalitarian system
Answer: (D)
P412-Q100. The poster could best be used to illustrate which of the following global trends in the post–Second World War period?
(A) The increasing concern about possible negative social consequences of technological development (B) The tendency of governments to take a strong role in guiding their countries’ economic and social development (C) The rapid pace of cultural exchange enabled by improved forms of communication (D) The rejection of large-scale institutions by those favoring the devolution of power to the local level
Answer: (B)
P413-Q101. During the 1980s and continuing into the 1990s, the governments of Argentina, Brazil, and Chile moved politically toward
(A) communism (B) totalitarianism (C) corporatism (D) representative democracy (E) Christian socialism
Answer: (D)
“On May 21, 1987, exactly a week after the elected government of Fiji* had been ousted in a military coup . . . a huge bused-in crowd of ethnic Fijian men and women sat on the lawn across the Civil Center in the capital city, clapping and singing, while the Royal Fiji Military Forces band played ‘Onward Christian Soldiers.’ Across the park, another crowd of Indo-Fijian men and women and children watched apprehensive, bewildered, frightened. . . . The coup-maker, Lt. Col. Sitiveni Rabuka, an ethnic Fijian, appeared on the balcony. . . . With both fists punching the air, he addressed his supporters, ‘ [Ethnic] Fijians must rule Fiji: that is God’s wish.’
Ten years later, Prime Minister Rabuka, now a mellowed, greyer, balding man, addressed a multiracial election rally: ‘You cannot build a nation up by tearing each other down. That is why we focus on the need for us to be united—the indigenous Fijian people, [as well as] the sons and daughters and grandchildren of those who came as indentured laborers [from India], or in the following waves of business people are all inextricable parts of the new Republic of the Fiji Islands.’”
*the Fijian general elections of 1987 had brought to power a government dominated by political parties associated with Fiji’s ethnic Indian community. Many ethnic Fijians resented the election results.
Brij Lal, Fijian historian of Indian ethnicity, article published in an academic journal, 2000
P413-Q102. As outlined in the second paragraph, the changes in Rabuka’s political rhetoric between 1987 and 1997 were most likely a result of which of the following?
(A) The proliferation of ethnic and religious conflicts following the collapse of communism (B) The spread of democratization and economic globalization in the modern world (C) The discrediting of Social Darwinism and other racial “scientific” theories (D) The outsourcing of Western industrial production to developing economies in the Asia-Pacific region
Answer: (B)
POPULATION TABLE FOR SELECTED STATES, 1800–2000
| State | 1800 | 1850 | 1900 | 1950 | 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angola | 1,567,028 | 1,949,329 | 2,995,663 | 4,548,023 | 16,440,924 |
| Argentina | 534,000 | 1,100,000 | 4,693,000 | 17,150,336 | 37,057,452 |
| Brazil | 3,639,636 | 7,234,000 | 17,894,000 | 53,974,732 | 175,287,600 |
| Saudi Arabia | 2,091,000 | N/A | N/A | 3,121,335 | 20,764,312 |
| Zimbabwe | 1,085,814 | 1,346,417 | 1,911,594 | 2,746,852 | 12,222,251 |
Source: Data adapted from Our World in Data, https://ourworldindata.org/world-population-growth#population-growth-by-country
P414-Q103. Which of the following most likely accounts for the extent of the population changes for Argentina, Brazil, and Saudi Arabia in the period 1950–2000 ?
(A) The introduction of agricultural techniques associated with the Green Revolution (B) Religious restrictions on the use of birth control (C) The implementation of socialist economic policies (D) The introduction of desalination technologies from Western states
Answer: (A)
P414-Q104. The population trend shown in the table for sub-Saharan African states such as Angola and Zimbabwe in the period 1950–2000 most likely reflects which of the following?
(A) Increased political stability (B) Increased wealth from the sale of natural resources (C) The greater availability of vaccines (D) The greater availability of financial assistance from international institutions
Answer: (C)
P414-Q105. During the second half of the twentieth century, population trends in which of the following regions most strongly contrasted with the overall trends illustrated in the table?
(A) Southeast Asia (B) North Africa (C) South Asia (D) North America
Answer: (D)