AP World History MCQ Practice — Unit 2: Networks of Exchange (1200–1450)¶
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创建日期: 2026-03-04 最后更新: 2026-03-16
使用说明¶
- 题目数量：15 道选择题（Multiple Choice Questions）
- 建议用时：15 分钟（1 分钟/题，模拟 AP 考试节奏）
- 来源：AP Classroom Official Scoring Guide
- 答案位置：每题下方附 Answer
- 覆盖范围：Unit 2: Networks of Exchange (1200–1450)
TOTAL LAND DEVOTED TO THE PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS AS MEASURED IN MILLIONS OF HECTARES*, 1200–1400
| Region | 1200 | 1300 | 1400 |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | 55.2 | 44.2 | 40.2 |
| Europe | 71.1 | 87.4 | 61.2 |
| India | 43.5 | 40.8 | 38.2 |
| Middle East | 7.8 | 6.1 | 5.7 |
*a hectare is equivalent to roughly 2.5 acres
Source: Data adapted from Our World in Data, found online at https://ourworldindata.org/yields-and-land-use-in-agriculture
P42-Q1. Which of the following best describes a way in which the table illustrates how the spread of rice cultivation contributed to changing the total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in China, India, and the Middle East between 1200 and 1300 ?
(A) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined in China and the Middle East but rose in India. (B) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined more substantially in India than it did in the Middle East and China. (C) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined in all three regions. (D) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops increased in every region except China.
Answer: (C)
P42-Q2. Which of the following best describes a way in which the table illustrates how an emphasis on wheat cultivation in Europe affected the total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops there compared with the rice-producing regions of China and India between 1200 and 1300 ?
(A) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in Europe increased at the same rate that the total amount of land devoted to agricultural crops in China and India declined. (B) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in China, India, and Europe remained relatively stable. (C) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined in all three regions. (D) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops increased considerably in Europe and declined in China and India.
Answer: (D)
P42-Q3. Which of the following best describes how the table illustrates the effect of the spread of the bubonic plague on the total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in Europe and the Middle East between 1300 and 1400 ?
(A) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops did not change significantly in either region. (B) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops decreased more substantially in the Middle East than in Europe. (C) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined substantially in Europe and slightly in the Middle East. (D) The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops increased slightly in the Middle East and in Europe.
Answer: (C)
“After leaving India, we arrived in Sumatra. It is a fertile area, in which coco-palm, clove, Indian aloe, mango, and sweet orange trees grow. Local commerce is facilitated by tin and Chinese gold. The sultan was informed of our visit and sent the judge and experts on Islamic law to meet me. The sultan is an illustrious and generous ruler and a patron of religious scholars. He is constantly waging war against the non-Muslims of Sumatra, but is a humble man who walks on foot to Friday prayers. The non-Muslims of the area must pay a poll-tax to obtain peace.
One Friday after leaving the mosque, the sultan mounted an elephant and we and his entourage rode with him on horses until we reached the palace. Male musicians came into the audience hall and sang before him, after which they led horses into the hall. The horses were embroidered in silk and wore golden anklets and danced before the sultan. I was astonished, even though I had seen the same performance at the court of the Delhi sultan in India*. My stay at the sultan’s court lasted fifteen days, after which I asked his permission to continue my journey to China because it is not possible to sail to China at all times of the year.
We then traveled to a kingdom on the Malay Peninsula aboard a Chinese ship. This kingdom is inhabited by non-Muslims and contains great quantities of aromatic spices and aloes. The merchants sell Indian aloe for a roll of cotton cloth, which is dearer to them than silk. The ruler is a non-Muslim. We then left the Malay Peninsula and sailed to another non-Muslim kingdom in Southeast Asia. After seventeen days at sea, with a favorable wind and sailing with maximum speed and ease, we reached the land of China.” *The Delhi Sultanate was a Muslim state in northern India that was ruled by a Turkic elite. Ibn Battuta, Muslim traveler from North Africa, account of his journey to China, circa 1345
P43-Q4. The purpose of Ibn Battuta’s account was most likely to
(A) glorify himself by exaggerating the influence he had obtained over local rulers in Southeast Asia (B) warn Muslim merchants that China was beginning to dominate commerce in the Indian Ocean (C) encourage fellow Muslims in North Africa to participate more in maritime commerce (D) inform his audience about the cultural, political, and economic characteristics of the places he visited
Answer: (D)
P43-Q5. Based on Ibn Battuta’s description of the sultan of Sumatra in the first paragraph, his point of view could most likely be characterized as that of a
(A) Sunni Muslim merchant who believes that commercial profits should be given greater consideration than religious purity (B) Sufi Muslim mystic who believes that Muslim rulers should encourage religious coexistence (C) Shi'a Muslim cleric who believes that false interpretations of Islam have corrupted the religion (D) Sunni Muslim jurist who believes that a Muslim ruler should patronize the religious elite and seek to expand Islam
Answer: (D)
P44-Q6. Ibn Battuta’s claim in the second paragraph that the ceremony that he observed at the court of the sultan of Sumatra was similar to a ceremony that he had seen at the court of the Delhi sultan in India is most likely understood in the context of which of the following developments in the Indian Ocean region in the period 1200–1450 ?
(A) Expanding trade facilitated increased tolerance of the traditions of other religious groups. (B) Cultural exchange emerged from competition among maritime empires. (C) Increasing cross-cultural interactions facilitated the spread of cultural traditions. (D) Cultural exchange emerged from new patterns of regional commerce.
Answer: (C)
“It is widely accepted that the rise of the Mongol Empire greatly expanded trade and the circulation of goods. . . . Since the fall of the Uighur Empire [in the ninth century], Mongolia was a region removed from the main trade routes. Thus the Mongols irrupted into the wider world as a relatively unknown society. As the Mongol Empire dominated Eurasia, envoys, merchants and travelers came to the court of the Mongols . . . and participated in . . . the exchange of goods, ideas, technology and people precipitated by the Mongol conquests.” Timothy May, United States historian, academic article, 2016
P44-Q7. The expansion of the Mongol Empire most directly led to which of the following political developments in Afro- Eurasia?
(A) The spread of feudalism to western Europe, as the Mongol conquests greatly weakened centralized monarchies (B) The expansion of the Mali Empire in West Africa, as the Mongol conquests destroyed the Abbasid Caliphate (C) The collapse of previously existing states, such as the Song dynasty of China (D) The adoption of Islamic systems of rule by Turkic states in the Middle East, such as the Seljuq Empire
Answer: (C)
P44-Q8. The breakup of the Mongol Empire into separate khanates during the mid-thirteenth century was most connected to which of the following developments?
(A) The spread of the bubonic plague following the expansion of trade along the Silk Roads weakened the Mongol Empire demographically and militarily. (B) Mongol traditions emphasized tribal and personal loyalties and made it difficult to establish long-lasting centralized dynastic rule, which led to civil war. (C) Rebellions in China overthrew Mongol rule there and led to the reestablishment of Han Chinese rule under the Ming dynasty. (D) The attempts of Mongol rulers to force their subjects to convert to Islam led to widespread rebellions in Central and East Asia.
Answer: (B)
P44-Q9. Which of the following best describes an effect of the establishment of the Mongol Empire upon Silk Road long distance trade?
(A) The Silk Road trade declined because the Mongol merchants preferred to use maritime long-distance trade networks instead. (B) The Silk Road trade increased because the Mongol conquests helped connect more regions of Eurasia economically and commercially. (C) The Silk Road trade was not affected by the Mongol conquests because the tribal and nomadic nature of Mongol society meant that Mongol demand for luxury goods was virtually nonexistent. (D) The Silk Road trade collapsed following the Mongol conquests because most trading cities along the Silk Roads were destroyed and never recovered.
Answer: (B)
“The first man who came to Pate* was Sulayman, son of Mudhafar. He was a king in Arabia, but he had been driven out. He came to Pate in 1203 and married the daughter of the king of Pate. Because of this marriage, the Swahili adopted a custom that still lasts to this day: seven days after a wedding, the husband goes to see his wife’s father, who then gives him something. Indeed, seven days after the wedding, Sulayman went to see his father-in-law, who handed over the kingdom to him.
In 1291, Sulayman’s great-grandson Muhammad reigned, and he kept on conquering the towns of the Swahili coast in many wars. His son, Sultan Umar, became very powerful and gained possession of all of the Swahili towns.
In 1331, Sulayman’s great-great grandson Muhammad ruled the whole kingdom of his father by peaceable means. He was extremely fond of money and trade. He ordered his merchants to undertake voyages to India to trade there, and because of this he became very wealthy.” *an island located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of Kenya A Swahili History of Pate, chronicle based on an ancient oral tradition, written down in Swahili in 1903. Swahili is a Bantu language that contains a significant number of Arabic words and phrases.
P45-Q10. The first paragraph most directly illustrates how increasing regional interactions led to which of the following developments in the Indian Ocean in the period 1200–1450?
(A) The establishment of diasporic merchant communities (B) The establishment of new trading cities (C) The introduction of new cultural traditions (D) The emergence of syncretic belief systems
Answer: (C)
P45-Q11. Voyages such as those referred to in the third paragraph were most directly facilitated by which of the following?
(A) A decrease in pirate activity following Zheng He’s naval expeditions (B) Merchants’ understanding of the patterns of the monsoon winds (C) An increase in the use of new forms of credit, such as paper money (D) Technological transfers from Europe, such as the compass
Answer: (B)
P45-Q12. The third paragraph most directly illustrates the ways in which rulers in the Indian Ocean in the period before 1450
(A) used their military power to monopolize the trade in luxury goods (B) attempted to incorporate new territories and peoples into their commercial empires (C) sought to spread religious traditions by patronizing merchant communities (D) used expanding trade networks to facilitate state development
Answer: (D)
“A strongly held misconception about the Sahara, both in popular culture and in academia, is that this desert constitutes both a physical barrier and a fundamental cultural divide between northern Africa—a constituent part of the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern historical realms—and ‘sub-Saharan’ Africa, a world apart. . . . [I argue] that the Sahara has far more often served as a link than as a barrier. . . .
Prior to the end of the 16th century C.E., [the Sahara] was essential to world trade as it afforded nearly continuous communication between China, the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East, Russia, the Mediterranean and West Africa. Trade, travel and communications between these world regions was assured by a system of caravans. . . . The 12th through the 16th centuries mark the ‘golden age’ of this trade. Demand for West African gold was at its height as the economies of the Mediterranean Sea, the Middle East, Central Asia, the Indian Ocean and Ming China expanded. . . . [In addition], the rise of the Malian and then the Songhay empires [made] the trade routes and trading cities of the African continent relatively secure, and therefore prosperous.” Eric Ross, Canadian historian, article included in a book, published in 2011
P46-Q13. Which of the following best explains a development in the trans-Saharan trade networks in the period 1200–1450 ?
(A) The networks became more dangerous because of religious conflict between Christian and Muslim states. (B) The geographic range of the networks increased because of improved commercial practices. (C) The networks were increasingly disrupted because of the growing importance of maritime commerce. (D) The value of merchandise along the networks increased because of demand for silver and bronze from Muslim states in North Africa and the Middle East.
Answer: (B)
P46-Q14. Which of the following best explains why trade along the trans-Saharan trade networks increased in the period 1200–1450 ?
(A) Innovations in previously existing transportation technologies, such as the caravan, allowed merchants to carry larger loads and protect themselves. (B) The introduction of new commercial technologies, such as the compass, made it easier for merchants to find their destinations in the desert. (C) The expansion of banking houses made it easier for merchants to fund their commercial activities. (D) Increasing literacy rates allowed merchants to develop more complex business partnerships.
Answer: (A)
P46-Q15. Which of the following best explains an effect of the expansion of the Mali Empire on the trans-Saharan trade networks?
(A) It led to an increase in trade by imposing the merchant-friendly religion of Islam on its subjects. (B) It expanded commerce by establishing maritime as well as overland connections with the Swahili states of East Africa. (C) It facilitated commercial growth by expanding the number of people participating in the trade networks. (D) It expanded commercial activity by promoting scientific and cultural exchange.
Answer: (C)